專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)試題_浙江省2009年1月自考試卷

浙江省2009年1月自考專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)試題

課程代碼：00196
一、Choose the best answer for each question (15 points, 1 point for each item) 從下列各答題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，填在其答題的空格內(nèi)。（每小題1分，共15分）
1. Which of the following is NOT one of the classical approaches in management? (      )
A. scientific management  B. administrative management
C. public relation  D. bureaucracy
2. Planning includes the following components except (      )
A. analyzing the situation  B. determining the goals
C. deciding the action  D. achieving the goals
3. The following add to managers’ decision making difficulty except (      )
A. ill-structured problems  B. risk involved
C. uncertainty  D. conflict
4. “Liquidation” as used in Lesson Four is closest in meaning to (      )
A. bankruptcy  B. liquefaction
C. liquidity  D. payment
5. The word charisma is closest in meaning to (      )
A. character  B. trait
C. charm  D. personality
6. Which of the following is usually NOT a motivated behavior? (      )
A. coming late to work  B. sneezing
C. winning an incentive trip  D. achieving production goals
7. Two-way communication is different from one-way communication in that it has the following characteristics except (      )
A. easier  B. more precise
C. fewer mistakes  D. time consuming
8. The functions of the back of the house include the following except (      )
A. food quality  B. food safety
C. food sanitation  D. food control
9. The following costs cannot be perfectly assigned to any one department except  (      )
A. general administrative expenses  B. marketing expenses
C. maintenance costs  D. depreciation
10. Travel agents are responsible for the following except   (      )
A. what they have promised the tourists
B. the professional level of their performance
C. taking care of tourists’ interests
D. looking for tourists’ interests
11. The fundamental goal of all the business firms in the long run is  (      )
A. shareholder wealth maximization  B. customers’ satisfaction
C. employment provision  D. social welfare contribution
12. The word optimal is closest in meaning to(      )
A. optimum  B. excellent
C. wonderful  D. appropriate
13. Economics is the study of (      )
A. people’s wealth or money  B. the scarce resources
C. people’s choices of scarce resources  D. people’s needs and wants
14. A market consists of the following except (      )
A. people with needs and wants  B. products satisfying the needs, wants
C. people willing and able to buy  D. people of means
15. Which of the following does NOT belong to the four main types of research studies? (      )
A. report  B. description
C. exploration  D. prediction
二、Cloze test (20 points, 2 points for each item) 下列短文中有十個(gè)空白，每個(gè)空白有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案,并填寫(xiě)在其空白內(nèi)。(每小題2分，共20分)
Managers must deal   16   the ongoing, day-to-day complexities of organizations. True leaders manage effectively and   17   their attention to orchestrating change. While managers engage in planning and budgeting   18  , leaders   19   the direction or   20   a vision for the firm. Management requires structuring the organization, staffing it with capable people, and monitoring activities; leadership goes beyond these functions   21   inspiring people to attain the vision. Great leaders keep people  22   on moving the organization   23   its ideal future,
   24   them to overcome whatever   25   lie in the way.
16. A. for    B. with    C. by    D. at
17. A. devote    B. share    C. support   D. propose
18. A. places    B. routines   C. jobs    D. profits
19. A. top    B. issue    C. prospect   D. set
20. A. create    B. influence   C. work    D. esteem
21. A. with    B. for    C. by    D. on
22. A. achieved   B. focused   C. interested   D. excited
23. A. toward    B. reliable   C. attainable   D. available
24. A. do    B. had    C. try    D. motivating
25. A. activate   B. obstacles   C. structure   D. introduce
三、Reading comprehension (15 points, 3 points for each item) 閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文，在每個(gè)答題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，填寫(xiě)在其答題后的空格內(nèi)。（每小題3分，共15分）
Passage One
Managers face problems constantly. Some problems that require a decision are relatively simple; others seem overwhelming. Some demand immediate action, while others take months or even years to unfold.
Actually, managers often ignore problems. For several reasons, they avoid taking action. First, managers can’t be sure how much time, energy, or trouble lies ahead once they start working on a problem. Second, getting involved is risky; tackling a problem but failing to solve it successfully can hurt the manager’s track record. Third, because problems can be so perplexing, it is easier to procrastinate or to get busy with less demanding activities.
There are several characteristics of managerial decisions that contribute to their difficulty and pressure, such as lack of structure, involvement of risk, uncertainty, and conflict.
Well-structured problems have objectively correct answers; they can be solved by using simple rules or numerical computations. But managers typically face ill-structured problems —— problems with no proven answers, at least not until some time in the future. Such problems may have a number of possible solutions, all of which have merits and drawbacks.
26. Managers often ignore problems because of the following except that (      )
A. failure in solving problems can hurt their track record
B. they are afraid of losing control   
C. it is easier to put off the problem than to solve it
D. It is easier to engage in less demanding activities than to solve problems
27. What does the word procrastinate in the 2nd paragraph mean ? (      )
A. delay  B. determine
C. research  D. tackle
28. The following add to managers’ decision making difficulty except (      )
A. risk involved
B. well-structured problems
C. uncertainty due to lack of relevant information
D. confrontation between management and labor
29. Which of the following is NOT true of the well-structured problems (      )
A. they have the answers proven correct objectively
B. they can be easily dealt with by managers using relevant rules
C. they may have a number of possible solutions with merits and demerits
D. they can be solved by using numerical computation
30. The word typically in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to (      )
A. as often as n